Early Indicators of Learning Disabilities

Children who are eventually diagnosed with a learning disability (including reading, writing, language, and attention issues, or a combination thereof) often exhibit early signs of these issues in the preschool years. These may be referred to as “soft signs”.

During the course of normal development, any given child will exhibit one or more indicators in the following categories. All young children who demonstrate these characteristics do not necessarily develop a learning issue, but it is helpful to be aware of early indicators for learning needs.

Indicators in the Preschool Years (2-5 years)

    Speech and Language
  • Speak later than other children
  • Pronunciation and articulation problems
  • Slow vocabulary growth
  • Word finding trouble
  • Difficulty following directions/routines

    • Phonological Awareness and Memory
  • Difficulty rhyming
  • Trouble learning alphabet and letter sounds
  • Trouble learning numbers, days of the week, colors and shapes

    • Behavior
  • Restless and easily distracted
  • Trouble interacting with peers
  • Difficulty with transitions
  • Inappropriate attachment to adults

    • Motor Skills
  • Clumsy
  • Fine motor slow to develop
  • Lack of hand preference or mixed dominance

    • Family History
  • Family history of learning disabilities
  • Prenatal injury or medical complications

 

Last updated 12.20.06

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